no, music is recorded in 2 channel left and right. if you want surround sound you'll have to get 5 speakers, (one being the center channel and the other four would be in your doors and the rear somewhere) and then you would have to have a sub woofer, and then you will also have to have a decoder for the dolby digital or DTS or DVD-A.
Well, not exactly.... you can have a one channel (mono), two channel (stereo), 3 (single surround), 4 (surround with phantom center channel), 5, 5.1, 6.1... lots of possible formats out there... but you will need a processor to get those additional channels... most head units are only stereo, or stereo with a sub out.
Two in front and two in the back off a standard deck would simply be front and rear stereo pairs.
A couple years ago, both Kenwood and Clarion had top of the line decks with a built-in Dolby processor... I don't know if any are currently available.